在 ASP.NET Core 中构建 DICOM 匿名化微服务 | File Format Processing Plugins for C# .NET Core

在此指南中,您将学习如何在 ASP.NET 核心中构建一个 **DICOM 匿名化微服务,通过 HTTP 接收 DICom 文件,使用可配置的个人资料匿名的,并返回未识别的结果。

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建筑概述

微服务跟随一个清晰分离担忧的层架构. API 层通过 ASP.NET 核心控制器处理 HTTP 请求和答案. 服务层包含使用 Aspose.Medical Anonymizer 的业务逻辑。

该架构可用于垂直规模、易于测试和与医院信息系统和PACS服务器的简单整合。

设置项目

开始创建一个新的 ASP.NET Core Web API 项目,并安装所需的包:

dotnet new webapi -n DicomAnonymizationService
cd DicomAnonymizationService
dotnet add package Aspose.Medical

设置大文件上传项目 Program.cs:

var builder = WebApplication.CreateBuilder(args);

// Configure for large DICOM files
builder.WebHost.ConfigureKestrel(options =>
{
    options.Limits.MaxRequestBodySize = 500_000_000; // 500MB
});

builder.Services.Configure<FormOptions>(options =>
{
    options.MultipartBodyLengthLimit = 500_000_000;
});

// Register services
builder.Services.AddScoped<IDicomAnonymizationService, DicomAnonymizationService>();
builder.Services.AddControllers();

var app = builder.Build();

app.MapControllers();
app.Run();

实施服务层

创建匿名服务的界面和实施:

using Aspose.Medical.Dicom;
using Aspose.Medical.Dicom.Anonymization;

public interface IDicomAnonymizationService
{
    Task<byte[]> AnonymizeAsync(Stream inputStream, string? profileName = null);
    Task<byte[]> AnonymizeAsync(byte[] inputBytes, string? profileName = null);
}

public class DicomAnonymizationService : IDicomAnonymizationService
{
    private readonly ILogger<DicomAnonymizationService> _logger;
    private readonly Dictionary<string, ConfidentialityProfileOptions> _profiles;

    public DicomAnonymizationService(ILogger<DicomAnonymizationService> logger)
    {
        _logger = logger;
        _profiles = new Dictionary<string, ConfidentialityProfileOptions>
        {
            ["basic"] = ConfidentialityProfileOptions.BasicProfile,
            ["research"] = ConfidentialityProfileOptions.BasicProfile | 
                          ConfidentialityProfileOptions.RetainPatientChars,
            ["internal"] = ConfidentialityProfileOptions.RetainUIDs | 
                          ConfidentialityProfileOptions.RetainDeviceIdent,
            ["clean"] = ConfidentialityProfileOptions.CleanGraph | 
                       ConfidentialityProfileOptions.CleanDesc
        };
    }

    public async Task<byte[]> AnonymizeAsync(Stream inputStream, string? profileName = null)
    {
        using var memoryStream = new MemoryStream();
        await inputStream.CopyToAsync(memoryStream);
        return await AnonymizeAsync(memoryStream.ToArray(), profileName);
    }

    public Task<byte[]> AnonymizeAsync(byte[] inputBytes, string? profileName = null)
    {
        return Task.Run(() =>
        {
            // Create anonymizer with selected profile
            Anonymizer anonymizer = CreateAnonymizer(profileName);

            // Load DICOM from bytes
            using var inputStream = new MemoryStream(inputBytes);
            DicomFile dcm = DicomFile.Open(inputStream);

            // Anonymize
            DicomFile anonymizedDcm = anonymizer.Anonymize(dcm);

            // Write to output stream
            using var outputStream = new MemoryStream();
            anonymizedDcm.Save(outputStream);

            _logger.LogInformation("Anonymized DICOM file using profile: {Profile}", 
                profileName ?? "default");

            return outputStream.ToArray();
        });
    }

    private Anonymizer CreateAnonymizer(string? profileName)
    {
        if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(profileName) || !_profiles.ContainsKey(profileName.ToLower()))
        {
            return new Anonymizer();
        }

        var options = _profiles[profileName.ToLower()];
        var profile = ConfidentialityProfile.CreateDefault(options);
        return new Anonymizer(profile);
    }
}

建立 API 控制器

创建一个控制器,处理文件上传并返回匿名DICOM文件:

using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc;

[ApiController]
[Route("api/[controller]")]
public class AnonymizeController : ControllerBase
{
    private readonly IDicomAnonymizationService _anonymizationService;
    private readonly ILogger<AnonymizeController> _logger;

    public AnonymizeController(
        IDicomAnonymizationService anonymizationService,
        ILogger<AnonymizeController> logger)
    {
        _anonymizationService = anonymizationService;
        _logger = logger;
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// Anonymize a single DICOM file
    /// </summary>
    [HttpPost]
    [RequestSizeLimit(500_000_000)]
    public async Task<IActionResult> AnonymizeFile(
        IFormFile file,
        [FromQuery] string? profile = null)
    {
        if (file == null || file.Length == 0)
        {
            return BadRequest("No file uploaded");
        }

        try
        {
            _logger.LogInformation("Processing file: {FileName}, Size: {Size}", 
                file.FileName, file.Length);

            using var stream = file.OpenReadStream();
            byte[] anonymizedBytes = await _anonymizationService.AnonymizeAsync(stream, profile);

            string outputFileName = $"anonymized_{file.FileName}";
            return File(anonymizedBytes, "application/dicom", outputFileName);
        }
        catch (Exception ex)
        {
            _logger.LogError(ex, "Error anonymizing file: {FileName}", file.FileName);
            return StatusCode(500, $"Anonymization failed: {ex.Message}");
        }
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// Anonymize DICOM data from request body
    /// </summary>
    [HttpPost("stream")]
    [RequestSizeLimit(500_000_000)]
    public async Task<IActionResult> AnonymizeStream([FromQuery] string? profile = null)
    {
        try
        {
            byte[] anonymizedBytes = await _anonymizationService.AnonymizeAsync(
                Request.Body, profile);

            return File(anonymizedBytes, "application/dicom", "anonymized.dcm");
        }
        catch (Exception ex)
        {
            _logger.LogError(ex, "Error anonymizing stream");
            return StatusCode(500, $"Anonymization failed: {ex.Message}");
        }
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// List available anonymization profiles
    /// </summary>
    [HttpGet("profiles")]
    public IActionResult GetProfiles()
    {
        var profiles = new[]
        {
            new { name = "basic", description = "Standard anonymization removing most identifiers" },
            new { name = "research", description = "Retains patient characteristics for research" },
            new { name = "internal", description = "Retains UIDs for internal tracking" },
            new { name = "clean", description = "Removes burned-in graphics and descriptions" }
        };

        return Ok(profiles);
    }
}

可配置的个人资料

允许配置个人资料通过 appsettings.json:

{
  "AnonymizationProfiles": {
    "default": "basic",
    "profiles": {
      "basic": ["BasicProfile"],
      "research": ["BasicProfile", "RetainPatientChars"],
      "internal": ["RetainUIDs", "RetainDeviceIdent"],
      "clean": ["CleanGraph", "CleanDesc"],
      "maximum": ["BasicProfile", "CleanGraph", "CleanDesc"]
    }
  }
}

创建一个配置类,并更新服务,以便从设置中阅读:

public class AnonymizationProfileOptions
{
    public string Default { get; set; } = "basic";
    public Dictionary<string, string[]> Profiles { get; set; } = new();
}

// In Program.cs
builder.Services.Configure<AnonymizationProfileOptions>(
    builder.Configuration.GetSection("AnonymizationProfiles"));

《安全考虑》

在部署此服务时,执行这些安全措施。

** 允许 HTTPS** 确保所有通讯在过境中加密. 设置 TLS 1.2 或更高,并将HTTP 转向 Https。

实施验证 使用 JWT 标志或 API 密钥限制访问授权客户:

[Authorize]
[ApiController]
[Route("api/[controller]")]
public class AnonymizeController : ControllerBase
{
    // Controller code...
}

** 避免在磁盘上存储未加密的原始文件** 处理文件在内存,如有可能,如果需要暂时存放,使用暗号容量。

** 允许审计登录** 跟踪所有匿名化操作,包括谁要求它们,以及当:

_logger.LogInformation(
    "Anonymization completed - User: {User}, Profile: {Profile}, FileSize: {Size}",
    User.Identity?.Name, profile, file.Length);

性能优化(Performance Optimization)

多种技术可以提高高突破性场景的性能。

使用现场匿名化当您不需要存储原始数据时:

anonymizer.AnonymizeInPlace(dcm);

** 允许平行处理** 用于集合操作:

[HttpPost("batch")]
public async Task<IActionResult> AnonymizeBatch(List<IFormFile> files)
{
    var results = await Parallel.ForEachAsync(
        files,
        new ParallelOptions { MaxDegreeOfParallelism = Environment.ProcessorCount },
        async (file, ct) =>
        {
            using var stream = file.OpenReadStream();
            return await _anonymizationService.AnonymizeAsync(stream);
        });

    // Return results...
}

**实施请求,以便使用RabbitMQ或Azure Service Bus等消息带使用非常大的套件来处理负载点,而无需夸张服务。

《结论》

您现在有一个完整的图表,以在 ASP.NET Core 中构建一个 DICOM 匿名化微服务. 该服务通过 HTTP 接受 DICO 文件,使用 Aspose.Medical 应用可配置的匿名的个人资料,并返回未识别的文件已准备好进行研究或共享。

关键任务包括使用层架构可维护,实施可配置的灵活性配置文件,通过验证和加密确保服务,并通过平行处理优化性能。

要了解完整的源代码和额外的例子,请参阅 ASPOSE.医学文档要尝试火焰, 获得免费的临时许可证.

内容表#

建筑概述#

设置项目#

实施服务层#

建立 API 控制器#

可配置的个人资料#

《安全考虑》#

性能优化(Performance Optimization)#

《结论》#

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